Kalah

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[ Wooden Kalah-Board [1] Kalah,

a two-player abstract strategy game in the Mancala family invented in 1940 by William Julius Champion, Jr., commercialized since 1944 and patented in 1952 (Design) and 1955 (Rules). The Kalah brand name was protected in the US from 1970 until 2002, but was copycat under various names and variants such as Conference (Mieg’s, 1965), Sahara ( Pelikan, 1976) [2] and Bantumi ( Nokia Mobiles since 2000) [3].

Jugend forscht#

Paul Erich Frielinghaus, a German actor, developed a Kalah program (he called the game Serata) as High School student in 1978 and participated in the German youth science competition Jugend forscht [7].

Solving Kalah#

The notation (m,n)-Kalah refers to Kalah with m pits per side and n stones in each pit. In 2000, Kalah was solved by Geoffrey Irving, Jeroen Donkers, and Jos Uiterwijk for all m ≤ 6 and n ≤ 6, except (6,6) [8] [9]. (6,6)-Kalah was solved in 2011 by Anders Carstensen and Kim Skak Larsen [10].

See also#

• Awari
• Bao

Selected Publications#

• Roland Silver (1961). The Kalah Game Playing Program. Digital Equipment Corporation, pdf, and PDP Application Note as pdf
• R. Russell (1964). Kalah- the game and program. Stanford Artificial Intelligence Project, Memo. No. 22
• Alex Bell (1968). Kalah on Atlas. Literature: Reports hosted by Atlas Computer Laboratory
• James R. Slagle, Philip Bursky (1968). Experiments With a Multipurpose, Theorem-Proving Heuristic Program. Journal of the ACM, Vol. 15, No. 1 [11]
• James R. Slagle, John K. Dixon (1969). Experiments With Some Programs That Search Game Trees. Journal of the ACM, Vol. 16, No. 2, pdf
• James R. Slagle, John K. Dixon (1970). Experiments with the M & N Tree-Searching Program. Communications of the ACM, Vol. 13, No. 3
• Geoffrey Irving, Jeroen Donkers, Jos Uiterwijk (2000). Solving Kalah. 5th Computer Olympiad Workshop
• Geoffrey Irving, Jeroen Donkers, Jos Uiterwijk (2000). Solving Kalah. ICGA Journal, Vol. 23, No. 3
• Wee-Chong Oon, Yew Jin Lim (2003). An Investigation on Piece Differential Information in Co-Evolution on Games Using Kalah. CEC2003, Vol. 3, pdf

External Links#

• Kalah from Wikipedia
• Kalah from Mancala World
• Kalah: A Commercial Count and Capture Game from Elliott Avedon Museum and Archive of Games, University of Waterloo
• Solving (6,6)-Kalaha by Anders Carstensen, first published April 14, 2011

References#

1. ↑ Mancala - Wikimedia Commons
2. ↑ Sahara from Mancala World
3. ↑ Kalaha from Wikipedia.de (German)
4. ↑ Alex Bell (1968). Kalah on Atlas. Literature: Reports hosted by Atlas Computer Laboratory
5. ↑ James R. Slagle, Philip Bursky (1968). Experiments With a Multipurpose, Theorem-Proving Heuristic Program. Journal of the ACM, Vol. 15, No. 1
6. ↑ James R. Slagle, John K. Dixon (1970). Experiments with the M & N Tree-Searching Program. Communications of the ACM, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 147-154
7. ↑ Jugend forscht | Dr. Lessing löst jeden Fall - Paul Erich Frielinghaus - 5. Preis Mathematik/Informatik 1978 (German)
8. ↑ Geoffrey Irving, Jeroen Donkers, Jos Uiterwijk (2000). Solving Kalah. 5th Computer Olympiad Workshop
9. ↑ Geoffrey Irving, Jeroen Donkers, Jos Uiterwijk (2000). Solving Kalah. ICGA Journal, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 139-147, pdf
10. ↑ Solving (6,6)-Kalaha by Anders Carstensen, first published April 14, 2011
11. ↑ Cooper: Review: James R. Slagle, Philip Bursky, Experiments with a Multipurpose, Theorem-Proving Heuristic Program

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